計算機プログラムの構造と解釈 第二版 P113 問題2.78

type-tag
contents
attach-tag
この三つの手続きを書き換える問題。

どう書き換えるかというと、
普通の数字(なんていうんだ？lispのリテラル？): 1とか2とか
と
システムで考えてきたscheme-number: (scheme-number 1) とか(scheme-number 2)
を同等に扱えればよいと。

敵を知り、自分を知れば百戦危うからずと言います。
ま、これで敵は分かった。自分はどうだ？
type-tagの定義はこんな感じ

(define (type-tag datum)
  (if (pair? datum)
    (car datum)
    (error "Bad tagged datum -- TYPE-TAG" datum)))

なんか引数が入ってきたら、そのタグを返してる感じだな。
普通の1とか、2とかはpair?で引っかかってエラーになるね。
という事はだ、1とか2が入ってきたら、scheme-numberを返すようにすりゃ良さそうだ。

contentsの定義

(define (contents datum)
  (if (pair? datum)
    (cdr datum)
    (error "Bad tagged datum -- CONTENTS" datum)))

なるほどcdr使ってるから、タグ以外の場所だな。値を渡すって感じか。
1とか2とかだったら、そのまま1とか渡せば良いかな。

attach-tagの定義

(define (attach-tag type-tag contents)
  (cons type-tag contents))

なんか今までと逆パターンな感じだな。今までは数字入れたらタグ返すとかだったけど、
多分、type-tagとしてscheme-numberきてもシカトする感じだな。
なぜなら、scheme-numberは普通の数字でもう大丈夫だから。

そんな感じで実装

p110-p113_1.scm

#!/usr/local/bin/gosh
;; -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

;;; 3.3.3 put & get
(define (make-table)
  (let ((local-table (list '*table*)))
    (define (lookup key-1 key-2)
      (let ((subtable (assoc key-1 (cdr local-table))))
        (if subtable
          (let ((record (assoc key-2 (cdr subtable))))
            (if record
              (cdr record)
              #f))
          #f)))
    (define (insert! key-1 key-2 value)
      (let ((subtable (assoc key-1 (cdr local-table))))
        (if subtable
          (let ((record (assoc key-2 (cdr subtable))))
            (if record
              (set-cdr! record value)
              (set-cdr! subtable
                        (cons (cons key-2 value)
                              (cdr subtable)))))
          (set-cdr! local-table
                    (cons (list key-1
                                (cons key-2 value))
                          (cdr local-table)))))
      'ok)
    (define (dispatch m)
      (cond ((eq? m 'lookup-proc) lookup)
            ((eq? m 'insert-proc!) insert!)
            (else (error "Unknown operation -- TABLE" m))))
    dispatch))


(define operation-table (make-table))

(define get (operation-table 'lookup-proc))
(define put (operation-table 'insert-proc!))


;;P107 apply-generic
(define (apply-generic op . args)
  (let ((type-tags (map type-tag args)))
    (let ((proc (get op type-tags)))
      (if proc
        (apply proc (map contents args))
        (error
          "No method for these types -- APPLY-GENERIC"
          (list op type-tags))))))




;; data with type tag
(define (attach-tag type-tag contents)
  (cons type-tag contents))

(define (type-tag datum)
  (if (pair? datum)
    (car datum)
    (error "Bad tagged datum -- TYPE-TAG" datum)))

(define (contents datum)
  (if (pair? datum)
    (cdr datum)
    (error "Bad tagged datum -- CONTENTS" datum)))



;;2.5.1
(define (add x y) (apply-generic 'add x y))
(define (sub x y) (apply-generic 'sub x y))
(define (mul x y) (apply-generic 'mul x y))
(define (div x y) (apply-generic 'div x y))

  ;;問題2.77の変更
(define (real-part z) (apply-generic 'real-part z))
(define (imag-part z) (apply-generic 'imag-part z))
(define (magnitude z) (apply-generic 'magnitude z))
(define (angle z) (apply-generic 'angle z))


(define (install-scheme-number-package)
  (define (tag x)
    (attach-tag 'scheme-number x))
  (put 'add '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (+ x y))))
  (put 'sub '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (- x y))))
  (put 'mul '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (* x y))))
  (put 'div '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (/ x y))))
  (put 'make 'scheme-number
       (lambda (x) (tag x)))
  'done)

(define (make-scheme-number n)
  ((get 'make 'scheme-number) n))


;;有理数パッケージ
(define (install-rational-package)
  ;;内部手続き
  (define (numer x) (car x))
  (define (denom x) (cdr x))
  (define (make-rat n d)
    (let ((g (gcd n d)))
      (cons (/ n g) (/ d g))))
  (define (add-rat x y)
    (make-rat (+ (* (numer x) (denom y))
                 (* (numer y) (denom x)))
              (* (denom x) (denom y))))
  (define (sub-rat x y)
    (make-rat (- (* (numer x) (denom y))
                 (* (numer y) (denom x)))
              (* (denom x) (denom y))))
  (define (mul-rat x y)
    (make-rat (* (numer x) (numer y))
              (* (denom x) (denom y))))
  (define (div-rat x y)
    (make-rat (* (numer x) (denom y))
              (* (denom x) (numer y))))

  ;;システムの他の部分へのインターフェース
  (define (tag x) (attach-tag 'rational x))
  (put 'add '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (add-rat x y))))
  (put 'sub '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (sub-rat x y))))
  (put 'mul '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (mul-rat x y))))
  (put 'div '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (div-rat x y))))

  (put 'make 'rational
       (lambda (n d) (tag (make-rat n d))))
  'done)

(define (make-rational n d)
  ((get 'make 'rational) n d))





;;複素数表現
(define (install-complex-package)

  ;;直交座標と極座標パッケージから取り入れた手続き
  (define (make-from-real-imag x y)
    ((get 'make-from-real-imag 'rectangular) x y))
  (define (make-from-mag-ang r a)
    ((get 'make-from-mag-ang 'polar) r a))

  ;;内部手続き
  (define (add-complex z1 z2)
    (make-from-real-imag (+ (real-part z1) (real-part z2))
                         (+ (imag-part z1) (imag-part z2))))
  (define (sub-complex z1 z2)
    (make-from-real-imag (- (real-part z1) (real-part z2))
                         (- (imag-part z1) (imag-part z2))))
  (define (mul-complex z1 z2)
    (make-from-mag-ang (* (magnitude z1) (magnitude z2))
                       (+ (angle z1) (angle z2))))
  (define (div-complex z1 z2)
    (make-from-mag-ang (/ (magnitude z1) (magnitude z2))
                       (- (angle z1) (angle z2))))

  ;;システムの他の部分へのインターフェース
  (define (tag z) (attach-tag 'complex z))
  (put 'add '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (tag (add-complex z1 z2))))
  (put 'sub '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (tag (sub-complex z1 z2))))
  (put 'mul '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (tag (mul-complex z1 z2))))
  (put 'div '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (tag (div-complex z1 z2))))
  (put 'make-from-real-imag 'complex
       (lambda (x y) (tag (make-from-real-imag x y))))
  (put 'make-from-mag-ang 'complex
       (lambda (r a) (tag (make-from-mag-ang r a))))

  ;;問題2.77の変更
  ;;システムの他の部分へのインターフェース
  (put 'real-part '(complex) real-part)
  (put 'imag-part '(complex) imag-part)
  (put 'magnitude '(complex) magnitude)
  (put 'angle '(complex) angle)
 
  'done)



(define (make-complex-from-real-imag x y)
  ((get 'make-from-real-imag 'complex) x y))

(define (make-complex-from-mag-ang r a)
  ((get 'make-from-mag-ang 'complex) r a))


;; 直交座標表現
(define (install-rectangular-package)
  ;;内部手続き
  (define (real-part z) (car z))
  (define (imag-part z) (cdr z))
  (define (make-from-real-imag x y) (cons x y))
  (define (magnitude z)
    (sqrt (+ (square (real-part z))
             (square (imag-part z)))))
  (define (angle z)
    (atan (imag-part z) (real-part z)))
  (define (make-from-mag-ang r a)
    (cons (* r (cos a)) (* r (sin a))))
  
  ;;システムの他の部分とのインターフェース
  (define (tag x)
    (attach-tag 'rectangular x))
  (put 'real-part '(rectangular) real-part)
  (put 'imag-part '(rectangular) imag-part)

  (put 'magnitude '(rectangular) magnitude)
  (put 'angle '(rectangular) angle)
  (put 'make-from-real-imag 'rectangular 
       (lambda (x y) (tag (make-from-real-imag x y))))
  (put 'make-from-mag-ang 'rectangular
       (lambda (r a) (tag (make-from-real-mag-ang r a))))
  'done)
  

;;極座標表現
(define (install-polar-package)
  ;;内部手続き
  (define (magnitude z) (car z))
  (define (angle z) (cdr z))
  (define (make-from-mag-ang r a) (cons r a))
  (define (real-part z)
    (* (magnitude z) (cos (angle z))))
  (define (imag-part z)
    (* (magnitude z) (sin (angle z))))
  (define (make-from-real-imag x y)
    (cons (sqrt (+ (square x) (square y)))
          (atan y x)))

  ;;システムの他の部分とのインターフェイス
  (define (tag x)
    (attach-tag 'polar x))
  (put 'real-part '(polar) real-part)
  (put 'imag-part '(polar) imag-part)
  (put 'magnitude '(polar) magnitude)
  (put 'angle '(polar) angle)
  (put 'make-from-real-imag 'polar
       (lambda (x y) (tag (make-from-real-imag x y))))
  (put 'make-from-mag-ang 'polar
       (lambda (r a) (tag (make-from-mag-ang r a))))
  'done)

2-78.scm

#!/usr/local/bin/gosh
;; -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

(use ggc.debug.trace)
(use math.mt-random)

(define nil '())
(define nl newline)
(define disp display)
(define (square x)
  (* x x))


(load "./p110-p113_1.scm")

(define (type-tag datum)
  (cond ((number? datum) 'scheme-number)
        ((pair? datum) (car datum))
        (else (error "Bad tagged datum -- TYPE-TAG" datum))))


(define (contents datum)
  (cond ((number? datum) datum)
        ((pair? datum) (cdr datum))
        (else (error "Bad tagged datum -- CONTENTS" datum))))


(define (attach-tag type-tag contents)
  (cond ((eq? 'scheme-number type-tag) contents)
        (else (cons type-tag contents))))



(install-scheme-number-package)
(install-complex-package)
(install-rectangular-package)

(define z (make-complex-from-real-imag 3 4))
(define i (make-scheme-number 5))


;; main
(define (main args)

  (disp z)(nl)
  (disp i)(nl)
  (disp 5)(nl)
  (nl)

  (disp (type-tag z))(nl)
  (disp (type-tag i))(nl)
  (disp (type-tag 5))(nl)
  (nl)

  (disp (contents z))(nl)
  (disp (contents i))(nl)
  (disp (contents 5))(nl)
  (nl)
 
  (disp (contents z))(nl)
  (disp (contents i))(nl)
  (disp (contents 5))(nl)
  (nl)

  (disp (add (make-scheme-number 5) 5))(nl)
 
  0)

実行

(complex rectangular 3 . 4)
5
5

complex
scheme-number
scheme-number

(rectangular 3 . 4)
5
5

(rectangular 3 . 4)
5
5

10

できた。